Toebes, Dr Brigit
Brigit Toebes (1969) studied law in Utrecht, where she obtained her PhD in 1998 at the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights. She subsequently worked as a legal researcher at the T.M.C. Asser Institute, the Netherlands Council of State in The Hague, and as a lecturer in Copenhagen and at the University of Aberdeen. In 2012 she joined the Department of International Law of the University of Groningen, where she was appointed Associate Professor and Rosalind Franklin Fellow in 2013. She is also a legal advisor to the World Health Organization.
Toebes specializes in public international law, human rights law and health law. Her research focuses on the role that international law can play in addressing a range global health concerns. To facilitate this aim, she is involved in the design and definition of international health law, a new branch of public international law. She recently set up Global Health Law Groningen.
In 2016 she was awarded € 300,000 by the Dutch Cancer Society to investigate how legislation and policy can contribute to reducing smoking in Europe, particularly among children. In 2107 Toebes was asked to advise Dainius Pūras, the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health, on health sector corruption and the right to health.
Previously in the news
2020
Toebes,
B. (2020, Jul 23). Nood boven wet?
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.
Toebes,
B. (2020, Jul 22). COVID-19 uitbraak is zaak van
internationaal recht en mensenrechten. Rijksuniversiteit
Groningen.
Toebes,
B., & Burris, S. (2020, Mar 7). Brieven.
NRC Handelsblad.
Faber,
T., Breunis, L. J., Been, J. V., & Toebes, B.
(2020). Een rookvrije omgeving in het belang van het
kind. TSG: Tijdschrift voor
Gezondheidswetenschappen, 98(1), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12508-020-00249-9
2019
Patterson,
D., Buse, K., Magnusson, R., & Toebes, B. (2019).
Identifying a human rights–based approach to obesity
for States and civil society. Obesity
Reviews, 20(S2), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12873
Buse,
K., Patterson, D., Magnusson, R., & Toebes, B.
(2019, Oct 30). Urgent call for human rights guidance on
diets and food systems. BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP.
Toebes,
B. (2019, Sep 30). Niet langer roken op straat of in
de auto?
Toebes,
B., & Sluijs, J-K. (2019). Farmabedrijven moeten
naar maatschappelijke zorgplicht handelen. Het
Financieele dagblad.
Toebes,
B. (2019). Prikken voor elkaar: Kinderopvang en
vaccinatie: een zorg van overheid en maatschappij.
Commissie kinderopvang en vaccinatie.
Toebes,
B. (2019). Law in the time of chronic
disease. Groningen: University of Groningen. Faculty of
Law.
Toebes,
B. (2019). Recht in tijden van chronische
ziekten. University of Groningen. Faculty of Law.
Gispen,
M. E., & Toebes, B. (2019). The Human Rights
of Children in Tobacco Control. Human rights
quarterly, 41(2), 340-373. https://doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2019.0029
Toebes,
B. C. A., Gispen, M. E. C., Dietvorst, R., de Coninck, P. J.
M., & Dute, J. C. J. (2019). Ongezond gedrag: de rol
van het recht: Preadvies VGR 2019. (Pre-advies
Vereniging voor Gezondheidsrecht ). Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers.
Toebes,
B., & Burci, G. L. (2019, Jan 18). New
publication: Research Handbook on Global Health Law.
Gispen,
M. E., & Toebes, B. (Eds.) (2019). Human
Rights and Tobacco Control. (Health Law Series). Edward
Elgar Publishing.
2018
Toebes,
B. (2018). The interaction between global and
domestic health law. Paper presented at U4 SSEL Cluster
Conference on 'Current Challenges for a Sustainable Future',
Goettingen, Germany.
Toebes,
B. (2018). Global Health Law: Defining the
Field. In G. L. Burci, & B. Toebes (Eds.), Research
Handbook on Global Health Law (pp. 2-23). (Research Handbooks
on Globalisation and the Law ). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785366543.00007
Burci,
G. L., & Toebes, B. (Eds.) (2018).
Research Handbook on Global Health Law.
(Research Handbooks on Globalisation and the Law). Edward Elgar
Publishing.
Toebes,
B., & Hylkema, M. (2018, Oct 9). Will
Groningen be the first city to ban smoking altogether? Groningen
rookvrij: op naar een rookvrije stad?
Toebes,
B., & Villarreal, P. (2018, Sep 1). The WTO Plain
Packaging Reports: Some Reflections.
Toebes,
B. (2018, Aug 31). Australië, neutrale
sigarettenverpakkingen en de Wereldhandelsorganisatie.
Toebes,
B. (2018). Human Rights and the Tobacco Industry: An
Unsuitable Alliance. International Journal of
Health Policy and Management, 7(7), 677-677.
https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2018.03
Karapetian,
G., & Toebes, B. (2018). The Legal
Enforceability of Articles 8.2 and 5.3 of the WHO Framework
Convention on Tobacco Control: The Case of the Netherlands.
Brill Open Law, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1163/23527072-00101001
Sluijs,
J-K., & Toebes, B. (2018). Mensenrechten
verplichten farmabedrijf transparant te zijn over prijzen.
Het Financieele dagblad.
Toebes,
B. (2018, Apr 5). Laten we praten over de suikertaks:
Let's talk about the sugar tax.
't
Hoen, E. F. M., Veraldi, J., Toebes, B., &
Hogerzeil, H. (2018). Medicine procurement and the use of
flexibilities in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights, 2001–2016.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization,
96(3), 185-193. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.17.199364
Toebes,
B. (2018, Jan 30). Het belang van mensen voorop bij de
bescherming van de gezondheid.
Toebes,
B. (2018, Jan 30). Video on Aletta Jacobs School of
Public Health.
Toebes,
B. (2018, Jan 2). Tabaksbeleggingen van het ABP op
gespannen voet met internationale standaarden.
Burci,
G. L., & Toebes, B. (2018). Preface.
In G. L. Burci, & B. Toebes (Eds.), Research handbook on
global health law (pp. xiii-xiii). Edward Elgar
Publishing.
Gispen,
M. E., Hesselman, M., & Toebes, B.
(2018). De rol en potentie van het internationaal recht in
het reguleren van ongezond gedrag: mogelijke aanvullende
internationale standaarden omtrent (on)gezond voedsel en alcohol in
het licht van tabaksontmoediging. In A. L. M. Keirse, R. S.
B. Kool, & R. Ortlep (Eds.), Ongezond en (on)geoorloofd :
Publiek- en privaatrecht & legale maar gezondheidsbedreigende
producten en diensten (pp. 237). (Utrecht Centre for
Accountability and Liability Law (UCALL); Vol. 13). Den Haag: Boom
Juridische uitgevers.
Toebes,
B., & Abbott, F. M. (2018). Report of the 78th
Conference International Law Association. Report of the Global
health law Committee: International Law Association. Report of the
Global health law Committee. International Law
Association.
Toebes,
B. (2018). The Global Health Crisis: Ethical
Responsibilities, Thana Cristina de Campos. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2017. Ethics & International
Affairs, 32(1), 124-126. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679418000175
2017
Hesselman,
M., & Toebes, B. (2018). Adopting New
International Health Instruments - What Can We Learn From the FCTC?
Comment on “The Legal Strength of International Health
Instruments - What It Brings to Global Health
Governance?”. International Journal of
Health Policy and Management, 7(3), 264-267.
https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2017.78
Toebes,
B., Gispen, M. E., Been, J. V., & Sheikh, A. (2018).
A missing voice: the human rights of children to a
tobacco-free environment. Tobacco
Control, 27(1), 3-5. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053657
Toebes,
B. (2017, Dec 9). Sugar Sugar – don’t be
misled / laat je niet misleiden.
Toebes,
B., Hesselman, M., van Dijk, J.
P., & Herman, J. (2017). Curbing the
lifestyle disease pandemic: making progress on an interdisciplinary
research agenda for law and policy interventions.
BMC International Health and Human Rights,
17, [25]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12914-017-0131-5
Toebes,
B. (2017, Jul 25). Euthanasia in the Netherlands: a
slippery slope?
Toebes,
B., & Puras, D. (2017). Right of everyone to
the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and
mental health: note. United Nations General
Assembly.
Hendriks,
A. C. A., & Toebes, B. C. A. (2017). Moet ik
mijn patient wijzen op de gevaren van roken?
Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde,
161, [D1869].
Toebes,
B. (2017, Mar 3). Grand challenges for global health
law: from ebola, to cancer and diabetes.
Gispen,
M. E., & Toebes, B. (2017).
Kinderrechten voor een rookvrije omgeving: Interne
beleidsnotitie. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.
Toebes,
B. (2017, Jan 30). Uitdagingen voor het Internationaal
Gezondheidsrecht: van Ebola naar kanker en diabetes.
Hesselman,
M., Hallo de Wolf, A., & Toebes,
B. (Eds.) (2017). Socio-Economic Human Rights for
Essential Public Services Provision. (Human Rights and
International Law Series). Abingdon: Routledge.
Toebes,
B. (2017). The Right to Health and the Global Rise of
Non-Communicable Diseases. In S. Klotz, H. Bielefeld, M.
Schmidthuber, & A. Frewer (Eds.), Healthcare as a Human
Rights Issue: Normative Profile, Conflicts and Implementation
(pp. 123-144). Bielefeld: Transcript.
2016
Hesselman,
M., Hallo de Wolf, A., & Toebes,
B. (2017). Challenges for Socio-Economic Human Rights
and Essential Public Services Provision. In M. Hesselman, A.
Hallo de Wolf, & B. T. (Eds.), Socio-Economic Human Rights
in Essential Public Services Provision (Human Rights and
International Law). Routledge.
Hesselman,
M., Hallo de Wolf, A., & Toebes,
B. (2017). International Guideposts for Essential
Public Services Provision and Socio-Economic Human Rights.
In M. Hesselman, A. Hallo de Wolf, & B. Toebes (Eds.),
Socio-Economic Human Rights for Essential Public Services
Provision (pp. 299-326). (Human Rights and International Law).
Abingdon: Routledge.
Perehudoff,
K., Toebes, B., & Hogerzeil, H. (2016). A
human rights-based approach to the reimbursement of expensive
medicines. Bulletin of the World Health
Organization, 94(12), 935-936. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.166371
de
Wolf, A. H., & Toebes, B. (2016).
Assessing Private Sector Involvement in Health Care and
Universal Health Coverage in Light of the Right to Health.
Health and Human Rights, 18(2),
79-92.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2016). Schets van het internationaal
gezondheidsrecht. Tijdschrift voor
Gezondheidsrecht, 40(8), 513-526.
't
Hoen, E., Toebes, B., & Hogerzeil, H.
(2016). Overheid, doorbreek het monopolie van de
farmaceut. NRC.
Bantema,
W., & Toebes, B. (2016). Tobacco Control
Legislation in the Netherlands. IASLC Lung Cancer
News, 1(2), 12-12. [12].
Perehudoff,
S. K., Toebes, B., & Hogerzeil, H. (2016).
Essential Medicines in National Constitutions: Progress since
2008. Health and Human Rights,
18(1), 141-156.
Hendriks,
A., & Toebes, B. (2016). Recht op
toegankelijke zorg: ook voor vreemdelingen.
Nederlands Juristenblad NJB,
2016(19), 1347-1352. [949].
't
Hoen, E., Toebes, B., Perehudoff, K., &
Abbott, F. M. (2016). Submission to the UN High Level
Panel on Access to Medicines by the Global Health Law Committee of
the International Law Association: Proposal for an essential
Medicines Patent Pool. United Nations Secretary
General's High Level Panel on Access to Medicines.
Flegar,
V., Dalli, M., & Toebes, B. (2016).
Access to Preventive Health Care for Undocumented Migrants: A
Comparative Study of Germany, the Netherlands and Spain from a
Human Rights Perspective. Laws,
5(1), [9]. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws5010009
Toebes,
B., & Stronks, K. (2016). Closing the Gap: a Human
Rights Approach to the Social Determinants of Health.
European Journal of Health Law,
23(5), 510-524. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341402
2015
Hesselman,
M., & Toebes, B. (2015). The
Human Right to Health and Climate Change: A Legal
Perspective. (Global Health Law Groningen). SSRN.
van
Hattum, W., & Toebes, B. (2015).
Beantwoording van vragen gesteld door het Ministerie van
VWS over de maximale duur van de tijdelijke verplichte zorg
voorafgaand aan de crisismaatregel en de mogelijkheden voor een
time-outprocedure voor verwarde personen zoals voorgesteld in de
brief van de Minister van VWS van 30 juni 2015.
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.
Toebes,
B. (2015). Tabakszaak tegen Nederland: Nauwe banden
tussen overheid en tabaksindustrie. Nederlands
Juristenblad NJB, 90(37), 2606-2611. [1850
(Focus)].
Toebes,
B. (2015). Book Review of S.I. Spronk-van der Meer,
The Right to Health of the Child : An Analytical Exploration of the
International Normative Framework. Rechtsgeleerd
Magazijn Themis, 176(5), 232-234.
Toebes,
B. (2015). International health law: an emerging field
of public international law. Indian Journal of
International Law, 55(3), 299-328. [20]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40901-016-0020-9
Toebes,
B., & Hallo de Wolf, A. (2015).
Private Sector Involvement in Healthcare and UHC: An
Assessment in Light of the Right to the Highest Attainable Standard
of Health. (University of Groningen Faculty of Law
Research Paper No. 2015/32). SSRN.
Toebes,
B., Hogerzeil, H., Perehudoff, K., Atema, A., &
Karangwa, S. (2015). Essential laws for medicines
access: In search of good model legislation. WORLD
HEALTH ORGANIZATION.
Feinberg,
M., Niada-Avshalom, L., & Toebes, B. (2015).
National security and public health: Exceptions to human
rights? International Journal of Human
Rights, 19(4), 383-387. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2015.1044812
Toebes,
B., & Ambrus, M. (2015). Geef ons een half jaar
zwangerschapsverlof. Trouw – De
Verdieping, 2015.
Toebes,
B. (Author). (2015). Gezondheidswetgeving in
ontwikkelingslanden moet beter. Web publication/site,
Retrieved from http://www.unifocus.nl/site/pagina.php?
Toebes,
B. (2015). Human rights and public health: towards a
balanced relationship. International Journal of
Human Rights, 19(4), 488-504. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2015.1044814
Toebes,
B., & Flegar, V. (2015). Illegalen
hebben recht op bed en brood. Dagblad van het
Noorden, 2015.
Toebes,
B. (Author). (2015). The ebola crisis: challenges for
global health law. Web publication/site, Global Health Law
Groningen Blog: . Retrieved from https://ghlgblog.wordpress.com/2015/02/03/
Toebes,
B. (2015). The Framework Convention on Global Health:
Considerations in Light of International Law.
Global Health Governance, IX(1),
7.
Toebes,
B., (2015). Case note: EHRM, 27-01-2015, 24109/07:
Asiye Genç tegen Turkije: EHRC 2015/80, No.
24109/07, Jan 27, 2015. (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2015,
No. 4).
Toebes,
B. (2015). Direct corporate human rights obligations
under the right to health: from mere 'respecting' towards
protecting and fulfilling. In J. Letnar Cernic, & T. van
Ho (Eds.), Human Rights and Business: Direct Corporate
Accountability for Human Rights Wolf Legal Publishers.
Toebes,
B. (2015). Health and Human Rights: In Search of the
Legal Dimension. Human Rights & International
Legal Discourse, 9(2), 212-241.
Toebes,
B., & Ambrus, M. (2015). Maternity leave: in the
best interest of children, their mothers, and society at
large.
2014
Toebes,
B. (2014, Oct 31). International health law: why it
matters to our world today. Guild blog.
Toebes,
B., & San Giorgi, M. (2014). Dutch Realities:
Evaluating Health Care Reform in the Netherlands from a Human
Rights Perspective. In R. Ferguson, M. M. Markovic, & O.
Nnamuchi (Eds.), The Right to Health: A Multi-Country Study of
Law, Policy and Practice (pp. 403-436). The Hague: T.M.C.
Asser Press.
Toebes,
B. (2014). Healthcare on the Battlefield: in search of
a legal and ethical framework. Journal of
International Humanitarian Legal Studies, (4), 197-219.
https://doi.org/10.1163/18781527-00402001
Toebes,
B., Ferguson, R., Markovic, M., & Nnamuchi, O. (Eds.)
(2014). The right to health: A multi-country study of
law, policy and practice. (1 ed.) Den Haag: T.M.C.
Asser Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-014-5
2013
Hallo
de Wolf, A., Derckx, V., & Toebes, B.
(2013). Nieuw Facultatief Protocol bij het VN
Antifolterverdrag dwingt Nederland om misstanden in de ggz
serieuzer te nemen. Journaal Ggz en
recht, 9(6-7), 40-43. [88].
Toebes,
B. (2013). Review Article of The Human Right to Equal
Access to Health Care, M. San Giorgi, Intersentia.
Common Law Market Review, 50(4),
1184-1186.
Brus,
M., Toebes, B., & Matthee, M. (Eds.)
(2013). Armed conflict and international law: in search
of the human face: liber amicorum in memory of Avril
McDonald. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press.
Toebes,
B. C. A., (2013). Case note: EHRC 2013/142 EHRM
(Senturk v.s. Turkey), No. EHRC 2013/142 EHRM, Sep 04,
2013. (European Human Rights Cases; Vol. 2013).
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2013). Doctors in Arms: Exploring the Legal
and Ethical Position of Military Medical Personnel in Armed
Conflicts. In M. Matthee, B. C. A. Toebes, & M. M. T. A.
Brus (Eds.), Armed Conflict and International Law, in Search of
the Human Face: Liber Amicorum in Memory of Avril McDonald
(pp. 169-194). Den Haag: T.M.C. Asser Press.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2013). Health and Humanitarian Assistance:
Towards an Integrated Norm under International Law.
Tilburg Law Review: Journal of International and European
Law, 18(2), 133-151.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2013). Health, Human Rights and Social
Justice in Europe. In I. Lintel, A. Buyse, & L.
McGoingle (Eds.), Defending Human Rights: Tools for Social
Justice (pp. 109-125). Cambridge, Antwerpen en Portland:
Intersentia, International Law Series.
Derckx,
V. (Author), Hallo de Wolf, A. G. (Author),
& Toebes, B. C. A. (Author). (2013). Implementing
the Torture Convention: protecting human dignity and integrity in
healthcare. Web publication/site, Retrieved from http://www.rug.nl/research/groningen-centre-for-law-and-governance/programmas/public-trust-and-public-law/osi-project/opcat-implementation-in-health-care-settings-in-the-netherlands?lang=en
Derckx,
V., Toebes, B., & Hallo de Wolf, A.
(2013). Implementing the Torture Convention: protecting
human dignity and integrity in healthcare. Groningen:
s.n.
2012
Hendriks,
A., & Toebes, B. (2012). European Court of
Human Rights. European Journal of Health
Law, 19(5), 515-523. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341245
Toebes,
B. (2012). Review Article of Health Justice, by
Sridhar Venkatapuram, Polity Press. Netherlands
Quarterly of Human Rights, 30(2),
245-248.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2012). Health Justice.
Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights,
2012, 245-248.
Biswas,
D., Toebes, B. C. A., Hjern, H., Ascher, H., &
Norredam, M. (2012). Access to health care for undocumented
migrants from a human rights perspective: a comparative study of
laws, policies and practices in Denmark, Sweden and the
Netherlands. Health and Human Rights,
14.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2012). Boekrecensie van The Human Right to
Equal Access to Health Care, M. San Giorgi, Intersentia.
Rechtsgeleerd Magazijn Themis, 2012,
83-84.
Toebes,
B. C. A., & Letnar Černič, J. (2012).
Corporate human rights obligations under economic, social,
and cultural rights. In Globalization, international
law, and human rights Oxford: Oxford University Press &
British Academy.
Toebes,
B. C. A., Hartlev, M., Hendriks, A., & Rothmar Herrmann,
J. (2012). Health and Human Rights in Europe.
Cambridge: Intersentia.
Toebes,
B. C. A., Hendriks, A., & Stronks, K. (2012).
Health Inequalities and the Social Determinants of
Health. In Health and Human Rights in Europe
Cambridge-Antwerpen-Portland: Intersentia, International Law
Series.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2012). The European Union and Health and
Human Rights. In M. Hartlev, A. Hendriks, & J. R.
Herrmann (Eds.), Health and Human Rights in Europe
Cambridge-Antwerpen-Portland: Intersentia, International Law
Series.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2012). The Right to Health and Other
Health-Related Rights. In A. Hendriks, M. Hartlev, & J.
R. Herrmann (Eds.), Health and Human Rights in Europe
Cambridge-Antwerpen-Portland: Intersentia, International Law
Series.
2011
Toebes,
B. (2011). Human rights, health sector abuse and
corruption. (Human rights & human welfare working
papers). University of Denver, Josef Korbel School of International
Studies.
Toebes,
B., & Rothmar Herrmann, J. (2011). The European
Union and Health and Human Rights. European Human
Rights Law Review, (4), 419-436.
2010
Toebes,
B., (2010). Sex education at schools is compulsory
and must not give evidence of discrimination of homosexuals:
commentary to the decision of the European Committee of Social
Rights in INTERIGHTS v Croatia, No. No 45/2007, Mar 30,
2009.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2010). Health Sector Corruption and Human
Rights: A Case Study. In Corruption & human rights:
Interdisciplinary perspectives (pp. 91-123). (Maastricht
series in human rights; Vol. 12). Antwerp [etc.]: Intersentia,
International Law Series.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2010). Human Rights and Health Sector
Corruption. In Global health and human rights: Legal and
philosophical perspectives (pp. 102-134). Abingdon [etc.]:
Brunner-Routledge.
Toebes,
B. (2010). Review article of 'Reproductive Health and
Human Rights' by Reichenbach and Roseman. Human
Rights Law Review, 10(3), 492-497. https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngq019
Toebes,
B. (2010). Review article of two books: Charles Beitz,
The Idea of Human Rights, OUP 2009, and Ida Elizabeth Koch, Human
Rights as Indivisible Rights, Martinus Nijhoff 2009.
Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights,
28(3), 492-497.
2009
Toebes,
B. (2009). Health and Health Care, Right to. In
D. Forsythe (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Human Rights (pp.
365-376). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780195334029.001.0001
2008
Toebes,
B. (2008). Sex selection under international human
rights law. Medical Law International,
9(3), 197-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/096853320800900301
Toebes,
B. (2008). De Belgsiche gezondheidszorg vanuit
mensenrechtelijk perspectief. In K. Raes, K. Santens, &
H. Willekens (Eds.), Een rechtvaardige gezondheidszorg
(pp. 137-156). (Tegenspraak cahiers; Vol. 27). Brugge: Die Keure
(B&E).
McDonald,
A., Kleffner, J. K., & Toebes, B. C. A. (Eds.)
(2008). Depleted uranium weapons and international law: A
precautionary approach. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser
Press.
Toebes,
B. (2008). Taking a human rights approach to health
care commercialisation. In P. Cholewka, & M. M. Motlagh
(Eds.), Health Capital and Sustainable Socioeconomic
Development (pp. 441-458). Boca Raton/London/New York: Taylor
& Francis Group.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (2008). The Use of Depleted Uranium as a
Potential Violation of Human Rights. In Depleted uranium
weapons and international law: A precautionary approach (pp.
187-214). The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press.
2007
Toebes,
B. (2007). Volksgezondheid in de veellagige
rechtsorde: Verenigde Naties versus Nederland: [Public health in
the multi-layered legal order: United nations versus the
Netherlands]. In A. C. Hendriks, & H-MT. ten Napel
(Eds.), Volksgezondheid in de veellagige rechtsorde: eenheid en
verscheidenheid van norm en praktijk (pp. 215-228).
(Meijers-reeks; Vol. MI 129). Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer.
2006
Toebes,
B. (2006). The right to health and the privatization
of national health systems: A case study of the Netherlands.
Health and Human Rights, 9(1),
103-128.
Toebes,
B. (2006). The right to health and the privatization
of health care services: a case study of the Netherlands.
Health and Human Rights, 9(1),
102-127.
2004
Toebes,
B. (2004). Review article of Sepulveda M., The Nature
of Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social
and Cultural Rights, Intersentia 2003. Netherlands
International Law Review, 51(1), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0165070X04270991
2001
Eide,
A. (Ed.), Krause, C. (Ed.), Rosas, A. (Ed.), & Toebes,
B. (2001). Economic, social, and cultural rights:
a textbook. (2nd rev. ed. ed.) Dordrecht: Martinus
Nijhoff.
Toebes,
B. (2001). The Right to Health. In A. Eide, C.
Krause, & A. Rosas (Eds.), Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights (2 ed., pp. 169-190). Dordrecht/Boston/London: Martinus
Nijhoff.
2000
Toebes,
B. (2000). Het recht op gezondheid: zoektoch naar de
betekenis van een norm. NJCM Bulletin. Nederlands
Tijdschrift voor de Mensenrechten, 25(7/8),
1158-1170. [7/8].
1999
Toebes,
B. (1999). Het recht op gezondheid: geen recht om
gezond te zijn. Ars Aequi,
48, 912-915.
Toebes,
B. (1999). Human rights: universality and
globalisation: Human rights effects of the globalisation of
trade. In Studium Generale Series (Studium Generale
Series). Utrecht University.
Toebes,
B. (1999). The diminishing state and basic social
rights. In D. J. Elzinga, F. Goudappel, & H. Kummeling
(Eds.), Constitutionalism, Universalism and Democracy (pp.
87-107). Groningen: University Press.
Toebes,
B. C. A. (1999). The right to health as a human
right in international law. (School of Human Rights
Research series; Vol. v. 1). Antwerpen: INTERSENTIA/HART.
Toebes,
B. (1999). Towards an improved understanding of the
international human right to health. Human rights
quarterly, 21(3), 661-679.
1998
Boerefijn,
I., & Toebes, B. C. A. (1998). Health and
human rights: health issues discussed by the UN Treaty Monitoring
Bodies. Utrecht: Studie- en Informatiecentrum
Mensenrechten (SIM).
Toebes,
B., & Boerefijn, I. (1998). Health and Human
Rights. Health Issues Discussed by United Nations Treaty Monitoring
Bodies. SIM Special, (21),
25-55.
Hendriks,
A., & Toebes, B. (1998). Towards a Universal
Definition of the Right to Health? Medicine and
Law.
1996
Toebes,
B. (1996). De betekenis van artikel 12 Vrouwenverdrag
voor Nederland: gezondheid als recht. In N. Holtrust, D.
Bauduin, & A. Hendriks (Eds.), De betekenis van artikel 12
Vrouwenverdrag: gezondheid als recht The Hague: VUGA.
Toebes,
B. (1996). Review article of Coliver S (ed.) The Right
to Know. Human Rights and Access to reproductive Health
Information, ARTICLE 19 and University of Pennsylvania Press, UK/US
1995. Netherlands Quarterly of Human
Rights, 14(2), 231-234.
Toebes,
B. (1996). Wijziging Koppelingswet en de toegang tot
de gezondheidszorg: een doekje voor het bloeden.
Migrantenrecht, 11(9),
197-199.
1995
Coomans,
F., Hoof, G. J. H. ., Studie- en Informatiecentrum Mensenrechten
(Netherlands), & Toebes, B. (1995). The
right to complain about economic, social and cultural rights:
proceedings of the Expert Meeting on the Adoption of an Optional
Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights, held from 25-28 January 1995 in
Utrecht. (SIM special; Vol. no. 18). Utrecht: Studie-
en Informatiecentrum Mensenrechten (SIM).
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