Advancements in wound healing and infection control: a comprehensive study on wound infection treatment and prevention
Advancements in wound healing and infection control: a comprehensive study on wound infection treatment and prevention
Wound healing is a dynamic process that can be severely impaired by infections caused by bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. This thesis of Shiyi Wang documents research towards innovative complementary strategies for infection control, which are based on modulation of the immune system, development of antimicrobial materials for wound dressings and disinfection strategies.
Firstly, the antimicrobial peptide LL37 was studied for its multifunctional role in wound healing. Beyond direct bactericidal effects against key pathogens, LL37 was shown to modulate cytokine responses and bacterial phagocytosis by major immune cells. Secondly, three different monoclonal antibodies derived from healthy donors and patients with the genetic blistering disease epidermolysis bullosa were characterized. These antibodies target major virulence factors of S. aureus, reducing growth and biofilm formation by this bacterium. Moreover, the antibodies can activate complement and promote the bacterial clearance by immune cells. Thirdly, a polyurethane-iodine foam was explored that may serve in the development of novel wound dressings. The material exhibits controlled iodine release, potent antimicrobial activity, and excellent biocompatibility, offering advantages over traditional iodine formulations in disinfectants. Finally, the effectiveness of steam sterilization to remove bacteria from reusable medical devices for home-care was evaluated, demonstrating its application potential for the prevention of secondary infections.
Together, these studies highlight a multifaceted strategy to combat wound infections, which integrates the use of innate immune peptides, therapeutic antibodies, antimicrobial materials and disinfection methods. The results have broadened our understanding of host-pathogen and bacteria-biomaterial interactions, and they suggest novel translational opportunities for safer and more effective wound care.