
New Key Publication: Age and diet modulate the insulin-sensitizing effects of exercise: a tracer-based oral glucose tolerance test
Abstract
Diet modulates the development of insulin resistance during aging. This includes tissue-specific alterations in insulin signaling and mitochondrial function, which ultimately affect glucose homeostasis. Exercise stimulates glucose clearance, mitochondrial lipid oxidation and enhances insulin sensitivity. It is not well known how exercise interacts with age and diet in the development of insulin resistance. To investigate this, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) with a tracer were conducted in mice ranging from 4 to 21 months of age, fed a low- (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD), with or without life-long voluntary access to a running wheel (RW). We developed a computational model to derive glucose fluxes, which were commensurate with independent values from steady-state tracer infusions. Both insulin sensitivity indices derived for peripheral tissues and liver (IS-P and IS-L, respectively) were steeply decreased by aging and a HFD. This preceded the age-dependent decline in the mitochondrial capacity to oxidize lipids. In LFD young animals, RW access enhanced the IS-P concomitantly with the muscle β- oxidation capacity. Surprisingly, RW access completely prevented the age-dependent IS-L decrease, but only in LFD animals. This study indicates, therefore, that endurance exercise can improve the age-dependent decline in organ-specific IS mostly in the context of a healthy diet.
Authors:
- Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Aaffien C Reijne
- Serj Koshian
- Jolita Ciapaite
- Fentaw Abegaz
- Alzbeta Talarovicova
- Theo H van Dijk
- Christian J Versloot
- Robert H J Bandsma
- Justina C Wolters
- Albert K Groen
- Dirk-Jan Reijngoud
- Gertjan van Dijk
- Barbara M Bakker
Read more : Diabetes: https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article-abstract/doi/10.2337/db22-0746/148957/Age-and-diet-modulate-the-insulin-sensitizing?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Last modified: | 22 May 2023 08.20 a.m. |
More news
-
26 April 2023
Royal Decorations for UG staff members
Two professors nominated by the University of Groningen have been awarded Royal Decorations on Tuesday 26 April. Professor K.U. Loos is appointed Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion. She received this honour from Mayor K. Schuiling at...
-
26 April 2023
Cisca Wijmenga in Raad van Toezicht Hanzehogeschool
Cisca Wijmenga treedt per 1 september 2023 toe tot de Raad van Toezicht van de Hanzehogeschool.
-
25 April 2023
Response to the letter to the House of Representatives regarding internationalization
The Board of the University of Groningen has taken note of the Letter to the House of Representatives regarding internationalization in higher education, sent to the House on Friday 21 April by the Minister of Education, Culture and Science Robbert...