Sample handling | Submission
CIO submission forms can be downloaded from this site. Please email the completed form to cio rug.nl.
Samples should be sent to
University of Groningen
Centre for Isotope Research | CIO
Nijenborgh 6
9747 AG Groningen
The Netherlands
Please also include a hard copy of your submission form with your samples.
All submissions of samples to the CIO are subject to our general terms and conditions. These requirements are laid out within the document below. Please acknowledge that you accept these general terms and conditions when submitting samples to CIO.
Required sample weights
Minimum and ideal starting weights (of dry material) for routine samples submitted to Groningen for 14C dating. For minimum-sized samples, please contact us at cio rug.nl.
|
Material
|
Minimum (mg)
|
Ideal (mg)
|
|---|---|---|
|
Bone
|
100
|
1000
|
|
Extracted collagen
|
6
|
10
|
|
Wood
|
5
|
50
|
|
Other plant remains
|
5
|
50
|
|
Charcoal, charred seeds, and charred residues
|
1
|
25
|
|
Shell
|
50
|
100
|
|
Calcined bone
|
1000
|
4000
|
|
Soils and sediments
|
10,000
|
10,000
|
| Last modified: | 18 September 2025 1.16 p.m. |