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Research ESRIG - Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen ECHOES | Exact Chronology of Early Societies
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ECHOES

Fig 1. Reconstructed Norse buildings near L'Anse aux Meadows National Historical SIte (Russ Heinl aerial photography)

It was 1000 Years Ago Today...Or at Least This Year

Date:26 October 2021
Author:M. (Margot) Kuitems

In October 2018, I flew from the Netherlands to Canada, thinking of the Viking longships that once defied the ocean waves below me. These vessels carried bands of Vikings (or Norse) most likely from western Greenland. When they rowed their boats ashore,...

The fortress of Uronarti

Master's Student Thought She Could Fix an Age-Old Problem... You Won't Believe What Happened Next (She Couldn't)

Date:11 September 2021
Author:​P. (Pınar) Erdil

Ancient Egypt is one of the first civilisations that pops to mind when one talks about antiquity, since the modern world has always had a fascination with the remnants of its culture. The ECHOES team recently had an incredible opportunity to work on some...

Breaking the Waves

Date:28 August 2021
Author:M.W. (Michael) Dee

Amid the ongoing pandemic, the ECHOES team has undergone a degree of change, and yet remained surprisingly productive. Our physicist, Andrea Scifo, has taken on the full-time role of operating the Micadas accelerator mass spectrometer in the Centre for...

ECHOES 60-Second Summary by Pix Videos

Date:16 November 2020
Author:M.W. (Michael) Dee

The ECHOES group is doing its best to continue the research programme whilst not violating any national restrictions, as the Netherlands' oscillates between gedeeltelijke and volledige lockdowns. We had a productive summer and have squirrelled away enough...

Microscope image of an analysed wood sample from Por-Bajin. Photo by P. Doeve

Ancient Mystery Solved by a Small Piece of Wood

Date:05 November 2020

Imagine if we were only able to place events from the 20th century in time to within a few decades. We would not be able to tell, for instance, whether rock and roll originated before or after Elvis Presley was born, or how the fall of the Berlin Wall...

ECHOES Indoors

Date:28 March 2020

As with much of the Western World, the ECHOES team have recently had to abandon their posts and 'shelter in place'. Our host institution, the University of Groningen, effectively went into lockdown in mid-March and all practical work ceased at that time....

Hooray, a microscope!

Hooray, a Microscope!

Date:21 January 2020
Author:M. (Margot) Kuitems

Radiocarbon analysis of single tree-rings is booming. Occasionally, such analysis allows objects to be dated as precise as at the exact calendar year! But sampling single tree-rings is not easy. One needs knowledge of the growth of the wood species and to...

echoes team

Hi! We're the ECHOES Team!

Date:17 December 2019
Author:M.W. (Michael) Dee
As winter envelops the canal-city of Groningen, in the northern Netherlands, another successful year ends for ECHOES, a multi-disciplinary project based at the University of Groningen and sponsored by the European Research Council. ECHOES revolves around the determination of past levels of radiocarbon in the atmosphere. Radiocarbon is an isotope that can reveal information about the history of the sun and of the Earth's magnetic field and it, of course, underlies the well-known dating method. We make our determinations using samples of tree-rings, as trees absorb radiocarbon from the air as they grow. Furthermore, through the discovery and excavation of buried forests, and the careful matching the growth-ring patterns, long archives of wood exist in which the growth year of every tree-ring is known. After applying a little chemistry and physics in the laboratory, we are able to determine the radiocarbon concentration of such tree-rings, and hence the radiocarbon concentration of the atmosphere at particular times in the past.