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Jantina Tammes School of Digital Society, Technology and AIPart of University of Groningen
Jantina Tammes School of Digital Society, Technology and AI
Digital prosperity for all
Jantina Tammes School of Digital Society, Technology and AI Education UnExpected Values: from Dystopia to Utopia

Researcher: The Language Arsenal

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Context:

Your team has built a voice-to-text system for five low-resource languages spoken by minority populations. This technology is vital for linguistic preservation and providing accessible digital tools. An authoritarian government offers a 10-year contract to license your system. Leaked reports confirm the goal is to integrate your system into a surveillance apparatus targeting those minority groups.

Dilemma:
A) You reject the funding. 

B) The funding guarantees the survival of your research. You can push internally for safeguards and hope the language preservation benefits outweigh the immediate ethical compromise.

Story behind the dilemma: 
A joint investigation, based on 100,000 leaked documents, reveals that the Chinese company Geedge Networks, founded by the "father of the Great Firewall," Fang Binxing, is actively exporting a comprehensive internet censorship and surveillance toolset to autocratic regimes.

Geedge's system mirrors China's Great Firewall, offering capabilities to filter websites, conduct real-time surveillance, block circumvention tools like VPNs, launch DDoS attacks, and geographically locate users. Leaked documents show clients include Myanmar, Pakistan, Ethiopia, and Kazakhstan.

The company uses Xinjiang as a testing ground for advanced surveillance technologies, collaborating with the Chinese Academy of Sciences on projects like "Cyber Narrator," which analyzes user behavior and relationships, and an alert system for tracking individuals’ movements and foreign app usage. User data from client countries is reportedly shared with a Chinese research lab, raising concerns about privacy and data sovereignty.

Furthermore, the investigation highlights the complicity of Western companies, such as the ISP Frontiir and technology from Thales Group, in facilitating Geedge's operations. The findings indicate that China is actively transforming its political control model into a profitable capitalist business, extending its domestic censorship and surveillance systems to oppressive regimes globally.

Resources:

Last modified:06 January 2026 5.25 p.m.
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