Today the PhD workshop has started with a lecture 'Natural Experiments in Sports Economics: Dealing with Endogeneity' by Rob Simmons (Lancaster University). He discussed different approaches to dealing with the endogeneity issue: difference-in-difference methods, instrumental variables, and propensity score matching, all with application. After the lunch, participants worked in groups to solve cases based on different datasets and different methods. Participants from Germany, Netherlands, Russia, Spain, Greece, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Kenia, and Czech Republic worked hard to implement the methods discussed in the morning session.