PWT 11.0
PWT version 11.0 is a database with information on relative levels of income, output, input and productivity, covering 185 countries between 1950 and 2023. For questions not covered in the documentation, please contact pwt rug.nl. Access to the data is provided below:
Published on October 7, 2025, PWT 11.0 constitutes a major update from PWT 10.01 . Please consult the what is new document for an overview of the changes.
User information
This data set is hosted on Dataverse, it can be accessed in its entirety through the following doi: 10.34894/FABVLR
If you are new to PWT, please consult the User Guide to PWT 11.0 for further information and a guide to the available documentation. This Vox column and the blog on the website of the Productivity Institute are good starting points as well. If you are an experienced PWT user, please consult What is new in PWT 11.0.
To stay informed about new releases, follow us on Twitter @PennWorldTable.
Attribution requirement - When using these data (for whatever purpose), please make the following reference:
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Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt
License and funding
Penn World Table 11.0 by Robert C. Feenstra, Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License . This research has been supported by the STEG project, a research initiative funded by the UK Government’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.
Selective data access (still based on PWT 10.01, will be updated as soon as possible)
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Query
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Variable Name and Use
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Example
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Real GDP using national-accounts growth rates, for studies comparing (output-based) growth rates across countries
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Dependent variable in (cross-country) growth regressions
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Expenditure-side real GDP at current PPPs, to compare relative living standards across countries at a single point in time
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Initial level in growth regressions requiring relative living standards
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Output-side real GDP at current PPPs, to compare relative productive capacity across countries at a single point in time
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Initial level in growth regressions requiring productive capacity or productivity
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Expenditure-side real GDP at chained PPPs, to compare relative living standards across countries and over time
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Living standards of China today compared to the US at some point in the past
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Output-side real GDP at chained PPPs, to compare relative productive capacity across countries and over time
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Productive capacity of China today compared to the US at some point in the past
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Development accounting, the sources of differences in living standards at a point in time
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Is the US richer because of more inputs, higher productivity, or both?
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Growth accounting, the sources of economic growth over time
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Analysis of the sources of economic growth over time
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Notes: Real GDP variables are in (millions) of US dollars, not in per-capita terms. A population variable (acronym pop), which can be used to convert GDP into per-capita terms, is included in the relevant queries. |
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Documentation
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Document
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Content
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Paper introducing new concepts and new results of PWT, starting with version 8.
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Note that details the changes in PWT 11.0 relative to PWT 10.01.
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Additional data and programs
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File
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Content
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The National Accounts data in current and constant national prices and exchange rate and population data
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Exports and imports by Broad Economic Category, including shares in CGDPo and price levels
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Details on the sources and methods for compiling employment, educational attainment and labor share data
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Investment, capital stock and capital consumption data by assets.
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The Stata data files and do-files necessary to replicate and customize PWT
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Bilateral correlations between expenditure (budget) shares in the different global benchmark years
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Older vintages of NA data with data up to the indicated year
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PPPs and expenditure at the most detailed level for publicly available benchmark years
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| Last modified: | 07 October 2025 3.37 p.m. |