TY - JOUR

T1 - The interaction of fluorescent nanodiamond probes with cellular media

AU - Hemelaar, Simon R

AU - Nagl, Andreas

AU - Bigot, François

AU - Rodriquez Garcia, Melissa

AU - de Vries, Marcel P

AU - Chipaux, Mayeul

AU - Schirhagl, Romana

PY - 2017/4

Y1 - 2017/4

N2 - Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are promising tools to image cells, bioanalytes and physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, and electric or magnetic fields with nanometer resolution. To exploit their potential for intracellular applications, the FNDs have to be brought into contact with cell culture media. The interactions between the medium and the diamonds crucially influence sensitivity as well as the ability to enter cells. The authors demonstrate that certain proteins and salts spontaneously adhere to the FNDs and may cause aggregation. This is a first investigation on the fundamental questions on how (a) FNDs interact with the medium, and (b) which proteins and salts are being attracted. A differentiation between strongly binding and weakly binding proteins is made. Not all proteins participate in the formation of FND aggregates. Surprisingly, some main components in the medium seem to play no role in aggregation. Simple strategies to prevent aggregation are discussed. These include adding the proteins, which are naturally present in the cell culture to the diamonds first and then inserting them in the full medium. Graphical abstractSchematic of the interaction of nanodiamonds with cell culture medium. Certain proteins and salts adhere to the diamond surface and lead to aggregation or to formation of a protein corona.

AB - Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are promising tools to image cells, bioanalytes and physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, and electric or magnetic fields with nanometer resolution. To exploit their potential for intracellular applications, the FNDs have to be brought into contact with cell culture media. The interactions between the medium and the diamonds crucially influence sensitivity as well as the ability to enter cells. The authors demonstrate that certain proteins and salts spontaneously adhere to the FNDs and may cause aggregation. This is a first investigation on the fundamental questions on how (a) FNDs interact with the medium, and (b) which proteins and salts are being attracted. A differentiation between strongly binding and weakly binding proteins is made. Not all proteins participate in the formation of FND aggregates. Surprisingly, some main components in the medium seem to play no role in aggregation. Simple strategies to prevent aggregation are discussed. These include adding the proteins, which are naturally present in the cell culture to the diamonds first and then inserting them in the full medium. Graphical abstractSchematic of the interaction of nanodiamonds with cell culture medium. Certain proteins and salts adhere to the diamond surface and lead to aggregation or to formation of a protein corona.

KW - Fluorescent nanodiamonds

KW - Aggregation

KW - Surface analysis

KW - Cellular uptake

KW - Corona formation

KW - Imaging

KW - Microscopy

KW - Nanoscale sensing

KW - Proteins

KW - NANOPARTICLE-PROTEIN CORONA

KW - DETONATION NANODIAMOND

KW - DIAMOND

KW - AGGREGATION

KW - CENTERS

KW - CELLS

KW - SPIN

U2 - 10.1007/s00604-017-2086-6

DO - 10.1007/s00604-017-2086-6

M3 - Article

C2 - 28344361

VL - 184

SP - 1001

EP - 1009

JO - Microchimica Acta

JF - Microchimica Acta

SN - 0026-3672

IS - 4

ER -