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Hieronder staan het programma en de vakomschrijvingen van BSc Farmacie Klik op de naam van een vak in een schema om naar de omschrijving te gaan.
| » Jaar 1 (hoofdprogramma) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
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| hele jaar | verplicht | WBFA001-05 | Academic Research & Communication Skills 1 | Engels | 5 | variabel | |
| semester I a | verplicht | WBFA004-03 | Genetics | Engels | 3 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA006-04 | Molecular Biology of the Cell 1 | Engels | 4 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA007-04 | Molecular Biology of the Cell 2 | Engels | 4 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA010-03 | The Cell, a Practical Approach | Engels | 3 | |||
| semester I b | verplicht | WBFA054-05 | Mathematics and Statistics | Engels | 5 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA017-05 | Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy 1 | Engels | 5 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA020-05 | Physiology and Pharmacology | Engels | 5 | variabel | ||
| semester II a | verplicht | WBFA022-03 | Human Physiology | Engels | 3 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA055-05 | Molecules and Reactivity | Engels | 5 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA024-05 | Pathology | Engels | 5 | |||
| semester II b | verplicht | WBFA034-03 | Global Health and Pharmacotherapy | Engels | 3 | 11 | |
| verplicht | WBFA035-05 | Pharmaceutical Analysis A | Engels | 5 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA036-05 | Receptor Pharmacology | Engels | 5 | |||
| » Jaar 2 (hoofdprogramma) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
| semester I a | verplicht | WBFA003-04 | Academic Research and Communication Skills 2 | Engels | 4 | variabel | |
| verplicht | WBFA005-06 | Instrumental Analysis | Engels | 6 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA008-05 | Organic and Biosynthesis | Engels | 5 | |||
| semester I b | verplicht | WBFA011-05 | Biostatistics | Engels | 5 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA016-05 | Metabolism and Toxicology | Engels | 5 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA018-05 | Pharmacokinetics | Engels | 5 | |||
| semester II a | verplicht | WBFA025-05 | Pharmaceutical Microbiology | Engels | 5 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA028-05 | Pharmacoepidemiology | Engels | 5 | |||
| verplicht | BIVMT | Safe Microbiological Techniques | Engels | ||||
| semester II b | verplicht | WBFA032-05 | Bioanalysis | Engels | 5 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA015-05 | Immunopharmacology | Engels | 5 | |||
| » Jaar 2 (major Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
| semester II a | keuze | WBFA037-05 | Collected Medicine Groups | Engels | 5 | ||
| keuze | WBFA026-05 | Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy 2 | Engels | 5 | |||
| semester II b | keuze | WBFA033-05 | Medicines Group: Drugs for the Central Nervous System | Engels | 5 | ||
| keuze | WBFA056-05 | Organic Chemistry Practical | Engels | 5 | |||
| » Jaar 2 (major Pharmacy) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
| semester II a | verplicht | WBFA026-05 | Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy 2 | Engels | 5 | ||
| semester II b | verplicht | WBFA033-05 | Medicines Group: Drugs for the Central Nervous System | Engels | 5 | ||
| Opmerkingen | Students in the major Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences that choose the course Collected Medicine Groups are not allowed to follow the course Central Nervous System (WBFA033-05) due to overlap in these courses. | ||||||
| » Jaar 3 (hoofdprogramma) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
| semester II | verplicht | WBFA042-01 | Academic Research and Communication Skills 3 | Engels | 1 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA902-14 | Bachelor Research Project | Engels | 14 | |||
| semester II a | keuzegroep A | WBFA050-05 | From clinical trials to big data research | Engels | 5 | ||
| keuzegroep A | WBFA047-05 | Introduction to PharmacoEconomics | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep A | WBFA046-05 | Patient Perspectives in Pharmacy | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep B | WBFA043-05 | Advanced Bioanalysis | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep B | WBFA044-10 | Proteins for Biopharmaceuticals & Drug Discovery | Engels | 10 | |||
| semester II b | keuzegroep C/ D | WBFA058-05 | Herbal Medicine | Engels | 5 | ||
| keuzegroep D | WBFA060-05 | Intro. to Nanomed. and Drug Targeting | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep D | WBFA059-05 | Pharmaceutical Techn. and Biopharm. 3 | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep C | WBFA051-05 | Advanced Human Disease Model Technologies | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep C | WBFA052-05 | Patient cases in laboratory medicine | Engels | 5 | |||
| keuzegroep C | WBFA048-05 | Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases and Ageing | Engels | 5 | variabel | ||
| keuzegroep D | WBFA049-05 | Drug Toxicology and Translational Technology | Engels | 5 | |||
| Opmerkingen | This programme is an example, the Bachelor Research Project will be organised in each period. | ||||||
| » Jaar 3 (major Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
| semester I b | keuze | WBFA056-05 | Organic Chemistry Practical | Engels | 5 | ||
| keuze | WBFA021-05 | Thermodynamica | Nederlands | 5 | |||
| » Jaar 3 (Minor Pharmacy) | |||||||
| Periode | Type | Code | Naam | Taal | ECTS | Uren | |
| semester I | verplicht | WBFA019-05 | Pharmacology Practical | Engels | 5 | ||
| semester I a | verplicht | WBFA038-05 | Medicinal Chemistry and Biophysics | Engels | 5 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA039-05 | MG: Endocrine System and Digestive and Respiratory Tract | Engels | 5 | |||
| semester I b | verplicht | WBFA040-05 | MG: Circulatory Tract | Engels | 5 | ||
| verplicht | WBFA041-05 | MG: Infectious diseases and Oncology | Engels | 5 | |||
| verplicht | WBFA056-05 | Organic Chemistry Practical | Engels | 5 | |||
| 1 | Academic Research & Communication Skills 1 | WBFA001-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - To develop academic research and communication skills, namely how to a. formulate a research question b. find relevant scientific papers (introduction PubMed, WoS) c. critically read and comment on scientific papers d. write scientifically (incl. poster preparation) e. present research orally - To learn about research codes of conduct with respect to: a. Principles underlying the Dutch Code of Conduct for Academic Practice (Nederlandse Gedragscode Wetenschapsbeoefening) b. Academic fraud, including plagiarism, fabrication of information or lab results, and cheating on exams - To become familiar with research in the Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 2 | Academic Research and Communication Skills 2 | WBFA003-04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| This course will cover the following topics: - Different aspects of research methodology; - Different areas of recent research within the Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP); - Scientific presentations - Workshops e.g. “Improving study efficiency”, “Conflict management” (subject to adaptations) This course will also pay special attention to scientific integrity. This course unit dovetails with the learning outcomes A12, A14, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B10, B12, B13, C5, C6, C8 and C9 of the Bachelor’s degree programme in Pharmacy. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3 | Academic Research and Communication Skills 3 | WBFA042-01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 4 | Advanced Bioanalysis | WBFA043-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 5 | Advanced Human Disease Model Technologies | WBFA051-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In this course, we will build on the basic knowledge of physiology and pathology that students have acquired in the first and second year courses. Current drawbacks of animal models for various pathologies, cellular architecture (2D versus 3D), cell-cell interactions together with the necessity of the 3Rs concerning the animal experiments are further discussed. Recent technologies and tools to model and to study the pathology of various chronic diseases will be studied. These include, among others, stem cell technologies, CRISPR/CAS for gene editing, microfluidics and organ-on-a-chip. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 6 | Bachelor Research Project | WBFA902-14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 7 | Bioanalysis | WBFA032-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The following topics will be treated in this course: Theory: Introduction to Bioanalysis, Sample Preparation, Separation Methods, Ligand Binding Assays, Mass Spectrometry, Protein Analysis, Biopharmaceuticals, Regulated Bioanalysis, Applied Pharmacokinetics, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Toxicology, Clinical Chemistry, Interpretation of Laboratory Data Practical Part: Sample Preparation, Protein Analysis, Drug Analysis in Biological Samples This course is based on prior knowledge from the course Instrumental Analysis. This course prepares students for the following courses: Advanced Bioanalysis (elective course in the 3rd year), Quantitative Bioanalysis, research in this field, as well as for a Masters in Pharmacy or Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 8 | Biostatistics | WBFA011-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 9 | Collected Medicine Groups | WBFA037-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The following topics are covered in the course Collected Medicine Groups: • Physiology and pathology of major organ systems in cardiovascular system, central nervous system (CNS) and endocrine system • Molecular pharmacology of widely used drugs for the treatment of respiratory diseases (e.g. Asthma and COPD), of diseases affecting the CNS (Parkinson and Alzheimer Disease), of cardiovascular diseases and Diabetes Mellitus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 10 | Drug Toxicology and Translational Technology | WBFA049-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In this course, we will build on the basic knowledge of toxicology that students have acquired in the second year course on ‘Metabolism and Toxicology’. Interactions of drugs with various systems in the human body will be discussed, with particular focus on toxicological effects drugs may have in these systems. With the arrival of advanced strategies for drug delivery, evaluation of changes in drug toxicity profiles and drug safety are essential. As such, novel and traditional toxicity testing methods and models will be discussed and compared. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 11 | From clinical trials to big data research | WBFA050-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The total mark will be based on three parts: Individual short report of summary CCMO trial protocol (title page, 5 pages summary). (25%) Group presentations of trial protocol (10 minutes + 5 minutes discussion). (25%) Written Exam (50%). Assessment of presentations: Presentations will be examined by two staff members (Hak and De Vos); Presentations will be examined on content, structure (CCMO synopsis), completeness, use of graphics, text, background, source information and discussion; Each group member needs to present at least 2 slides (max. 10-12 slides for the total group presentation). One group member not presenting: 0.2 points less; Each group needs to ask one question to the presenters (so we will have 5 questions in total per group) and group members need to change in who is asking the question: no question is 0.2 points less, question is 0.2 points extra. Total mark is based on each part (1-3, see percentages). SQL questions need to be completed. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 12 | Genetics | WBFA004-03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course Genetics is a follow-up and assumes prior knowledge and skills of the courses Molecular Biology of the Cell 1 and 2. Genetics connects with the learning outcomes xxxxxxx of the Pharmacy bachelor programme. This course deals with the following subjects: Mendel genetics; Inheritance patterns; Making linkage maps; Genome and population evolution; Population genetics; Pharmacogenetics; Biotechnology: different techniques to investigate gene expression and the function of genes, the production of new drugs, gene therapy. The course unit prepares for and provides skills usable in the course units Infections and Tumours, Clinical Chemistry and Pathophysiology, Innovative Therapeutics and Pharmacotherapy. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 13 | Global Health and Pharmacotherapy | WBFA034-03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course covers basic concepts of global health, pharmacotherapy, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics and pharmacovigilance. A number of globally relevant chronic and acute diseases are selected as case studies for the course. For each disease, patient cases are presented, some pathophysiological background of the disease, information about the impact/burden of the disease worldwide and relevant treatment guidelines. In particular we focus on the choice of medication, formulation, route of administration, given important patient characteristics including age, gender, comorbidities, contra-indications and drug interactions. This includes comparing effects and side effects of ‘old’ and ‘new’ drugs, based on evidence from clinical trials and observational studies. Other aspects which are covered in case studies are the costs of (new) drugs, global solutions such as the list of essential medicines and the life cycle of medication including the process of approval of new drugs. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 14 | Herbal Medicine | WBFA058-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| › General introduction to medicinal plants: history, source of drugs and drug development, western and non-western herbal medicine, phytotherapy versus homeopathy. › Herbal medicinal products: production process, product characteristics, product quality, importance of standardisation and the availability of scientific preclinical and clinical data. › EU and Dutch legal and regulatory aspects. › Safety, adverse effects, herb-drug interactions and herbal pharmacovigilance (phytovigilance). › Pharmacology and clinical efficacy, levels of evidence, (lack of) quality of clinical studies with herbal products. › Herbal medicinal products in therapeutics areas: constituents, pharmacology, safety (central nervous system, circulatory tract, digestive tract, respiratory tract, urinary and genital tract, skin, pain and inflammation, immune system). › Reliable sources of scientific information and critical assessment of the literature. › Role of the pharmacist as counsellor (for client, patient, GP) and as devil’s advocate. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 15 | Human Physiology | WBFA022-03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Theory: -neurons, neurotransmitters and the brain; -hormonal processes; -functioning of muscles; -respiration and gas transport; -physiology of the kidneys; -regulation of food intake, digestion; -reproduction; -physiology of sports and exertion Practical: -spirometry; -cardiovascular function; -histology; -Biopac | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 16 | Immunopharmacology | WBFA015-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In the first year the student has learned the basic principles of immunology, this course will improve the immunological knowledge. Subjects presented in this course are: 1. Cells of the innate immune system and adaptive immune system: their origin, how they develop, what they do in homeostatic and pathological conditions and how do they work together during immune responses? 2. B and T cells and antibodies: how is their enormous variation achieved? 3. How does the immune system distinguish self from nonself? 4. The pathophysiology of auto-immune reactions, allergic reactions, acute and chronic inflammation and bacterial/viral/fungal infections. 5. Tolerance and the immune system: how can cancers develop, why can women become pregnant, what does the immune system do with transplanted cells and organs? 6. Immunological techniques: producing and using antibodies and other components of the immune system in the lab for research and diagnosis 7. Pharmacotherapy: drugs that influence cells of the immune system and using the immune system itself for therapies 8. The theory behind vaccination and explanation of vaccination programs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 17 | Instrumental Analysis | WBFA005-06 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In this course the following subjects are addressed: Theory: • the principles of a number of instrumental analytical methods used in pharmaceutical analysis, clinical chemistry, toxicology, bioanalytical, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and pharmaceutical technology; • the fundamental physicochemical principles on which the measurement is based and the construction of the instrument, insight into the possibilities and limitations of the method; • UV-VIS absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy. Electrochemical principles: redox reactions, the electrochemical cell & electrode potentials; electrochemical analytical methods: voltammetry, and (bi)amperometric endpoint detection in titrations. • Separation methods: fundamentals of chromatography, focused on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lab: • the emphasis is on learning to use the equipment, understanding the underlying theory; • Bi-Amperomic titration using electrochemical endpoint determination. • Voltammetric titration of drug preparations • UV-Vis spectrophotometry: determination of pharmaceuticals, • HPLC: determination of drug preparations and determining chromatographic analysis variables • critically analysing and assessing measurements and results. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 18 | Intro. to Nanomed. and Drug Targeting | WBFA060-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overview The course consists of the following topics: - Personalized medicine and theranostics - Drug targeting; basic principles - Monoclonal anitibodies and modified forms thereof - Drug delivery using nano-sized carriers - Types of drug carriers - Pharmacokinetics of drug carriers - Cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of drug carriers - Stimuli-responsive drug carriers and nanomedicine for photothermal and photodynamic therapies - Nanomedicine for imaging and diagnosis - Overview of the currently approved nanomedicines, including RNA based drugs and recent vaccines against COVID19 - Barriers for drug carriers and nanomedicines Hours per week | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 19 | Introduction to PharmacoEconomics | WBFA047-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| An introduction to Pharmacoeconomics at bachelor level, with a focus on trial based economic evaluation (cost-effectiveness analysis) and budget impact analysis. In comparison to the master course PharmacoEconomics, this course focuses on the use of trial data, and gathering empirical information about cost-effectiveness, as well as analyzing these data. Simulation models are not discussed in this course. Both courses introduce the concept of cost-effectiveness, the cost-effectiveness plane and interpretation of findings, but the mastercourse goes more into depth. The course consists of lectures, student presentations and group work (3 assignments) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 20 | Mathematics and Statistics | WBFA054-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course deals with the basic mathematics that a student of pharmacy requires to successfully complete her/his studies. The course is partially divided into two groups because of the different prior knowledge or background of students with respect to mathematics A or B. The course covers logarithms and exponents, graphs as well as their interpretation, and differential calculus. In the split part, the mathematics B group gets an introduction into statistics (probability, probability distributions, average, standard deviation), while mathematics A group concentrates on integral calculus, partial integration and substitution. Each group receives a summarizing lecture dealing with the ``other'' part. Next, all students learn linear regression, error analysis, partial derivatives, gradients and extremes of functions (with one or two variables) and ordinary differential equations. The course frequently uses examples directly related to pharmacy practicals and pharmacokinetics in order to further motivate the student. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 21 | Medicinal Chemistry and Biophysics | WBFA038-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1. This course unit explains how molecular shape controls biological function. Students are provided with tools with which to describe the relationships between the structure of the pharmaceutical and its biological activity. 2. The process of the binding of pharmaceuticals to DNA, receptors and enzymes will be explained by paying attention to hydrophobic, electronic and steric (shape) parameters. 3. The most commonly used spectroscopic (MS, IR, NMR) and biophysical (ITC, DSF) techniques used to characterize organic molecules will be explained, with a focus on the underlying principles and the interpretation of the data. 4. Finally, the importance of structure–activity relationship (SAR) analysis in drug development will be explained using modern examples. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 22 | Medicines Group: Drugs for the Central Nervous System | WBFA033-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course provides information on the pharmacology of drugs acting on the central nervous system (CNS). Several brain pathologies are discussed as well. In this course unit, students will get in depth knowledge in underlying mechanisms that play a role in our brain in healthy and in pathological situations. The following topics will be addressed in this course unit: - neuroanatomy and related brain functions - basic function of neurotransmission - human models to study brain diseases, with an emphasis on imaging techniques - pharmacology of drugs acting on cholinergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic system (with a focus on brain neurotransmitter pathways) - molecular pathways and mechanisms of action of drugs used for neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer' s disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke), multiple sclerosis, migraines - mechanisms of action of hallucinogenic substances, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants and centrally acting analgesics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 23 | Metabolism and Toxicology | WBFA016-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 24 | MG: Circulatory Tract | WBFA040-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course unit studies the pharmacology and pharmacotherapeutic effect of drugs used to treat the various organ/body systems in relation to the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 25 | MG: Endocrine System and Digestive and Respiratory Tract | WBFA039-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In the course MG: Endocrine System and Digestive and Respiratory Tract, the following topics are discussed: Respiratory tract: bronchodilators, anti-inflammatories, anti-allergics, decongestants, cough medicines; Digestive tract: stomach / esophagus: anti-ulcer drugs, prokinetics, anti-emetics; intestines: antispasmodics, anti-diarrheal agents, laxatives, anti-inflammatory agents; Skin: keratolytics, keratoplastics, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-allergics. Endocrine system: - Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism: thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs, glucocorticosteroids, pancreatic hormones, growth hormone. - Immune system: glucocorticosteroids. - Water and mineral balance: ADH, mineralocorticosteroids, calcitriol, calcitonin. - Growth: growth hormone, thyroid hormones, sex hormones. - Reproduction: estrogens, progestins, anti-estrogens, antiprogestants, contraceptives, oxytocin, prolactin, androgens, anabolic steroids, anti-androgens. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 26 | MG: Infectious diseases and Oncology | WBFA041-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In this course, students learn about the way tumours and infections develop and explore various options for treating them. Infections include bacterial, fungal, viral, protozoan and worm infections. The course unit will deal with the working mechanism and clinical application of various cytostatics, antibiotics, antimycotics, antiviral, antiparasitic, and immunosuppressive drugs, linking these aspects to the chemical structure, pharmacokinetic properties and side effects of the drugs studied. The clinical application of drugs will be illustrated by studying various diseases such as systemic infections (sepsis), AIDS, and certain malignant tumours. Modern production methods for the foremost antibiotics will also be demonstrated. In addition, the course unit will examine the problem of resistance and various other factors determining the decision to use a particular drug, as well as the latest developments in the area of anti-bacterial, anti-viral, immunosuppressive and anti-tumour therapies. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 27 | Molecular Biology of the Cell 1 | WBFA006-04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In the course the following topics will be addressed: the origin of life; the important building blocks of living cells; the evolution of life; cytology (pro- and eukaryotic organisms); cell walls and their components; biomembranes; cell organelles; genetics: DNA, RNA, chromosomes; replication of DNA; division of nucleus; division of cells; virusses; metabolism; physiology of the cell; enzymology; carbohydrate metabolism; citric acid cycle; lipid metabolism, respiratory chain, photosynthesis; protein structure; protein synthesis, enzyme kinetics; receptors and signal transduction; developmental biology; cell growth and cell differentiation; hormones; gene regulation; molecular biology techniques: electrophoresis, chromatography; polymerase chain reaction; in-vitro cell culturing; biotechnology for pharmacy; biologicals; monoclonal antibodies; interferones; interleukines; genomics en proteomics. (Ch. 1-9 Alberts et al.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 28 | Molecular Biology of the Cell 2 | WBFA007-04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The MBOC 2 course is the follow up to the MBOC 1 course. The joint topics dealt with and the joint learning outcomes are described in here. In the course the following topics will be addressed: the origin of life; the important building blocks of living cells; the evolution of life; cytology (pro- and eukaryotic organisms); cell walls and their components; biomembranes; cell organelles; genetics: DNA, RNA, chromosomes; replication of DNA; division of nucleus; division of cells; virusses; metabolism; physiology of the cell; enzymology; carbohydrate metabolism; citric acid cycle; lipid metabolism, respiratory chain, photosynthesis; protein structure; protein synthesis, enzyme kinetics; receptors and signaltransduction; developmental biology; cell growth and cell differentiation; hormones; gene regulation; molecular biology techniques: electrophoresis, chromatography; polymerase chain reaction; in vitro cell culturing; biotechnology for pharmacy; biologicals; monoclonal antibodies; interferons; interleukines; genomics en proteomics. (Ch. 10-18 Alberts et al.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 29 | Molecules and Reactivity | WBFA055-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The following subjects will be dealt with: 1) configuration and bonding 2) molecule structures and their representations 3) an introduction to reactivity 4) reactions of alkenes 5) stereochemistry 6) electron delocalization 7) substitution reactions 8) nucleophilic acyl substitutions and additions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 30 | Organic and Biosynthesis | WBFA008-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course revolves around the following subjects: - the chemo-selectivity, regio-selectivity and stereo-selectivity of (synthetic) reactions; - substitution, addition and elimination reactions; - reactions of aromatic and carbonyl compounds; - biosynthesis routes: alkaloids, lignans, terpenoids, steroids, and polyketides; - pharmaceutical applications of natural products; - the mechanisms and catalytic properties of two enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the natural product and anti-cancer drug Taxol: phenylalanine aminomutase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 31 | Organic Chemistry Practical | WBFA056-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 32 | Pathology | WBFA024-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| This course deals with pathological and immunological processes in healthy and diseased situations. The course consists of various (interactive) lectures and practical assignments (histology e-learing module and a group project) that are closely related to each other. In the pathology part, we will first discuss general pathological responses (including cellular stress, adaptation processes, cell death, inflammation and repair, hemodynamics, neoplasia), that is followed by organ-specific pathologies (cardiovascular system, lungs, liver, kidneys, GI-tract, CNS, bones and joints). In the immunology part, we discuss the history and introduction to key immune cells and structures, the innate and adaptive immunity and some pathologies of the immune system. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 33 | Patient cases in laboratory medicine | WBFA052-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In this course, we build on the basic knowledge of physiology, pathology, medicinal groups and bioanalysis (notably part interpretation of laboratory data) that students have acquired in the first and second year courses. Based on a real-life case, we focus on the presentation of a patient, differential diagnosis, and clinical chemical and immunological analyses and other techniques, needed to confirm or reject the diagnosis. Students will work in small groups to find, describe and interpret guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow up of the specific disease presented in the case. After 2 weeks, they prepare for oral presentation of their findings to the whole group of students. The students will be supervised by staff members of the department of Laboratory Medicine, UMCG. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 34 | Patient Perspectives in Pharmacy | WBFA046-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 35 | Pharmaceutical Analysis A | WBFA035-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In deze cursus komen de volgende onderwerpen aan bod: Theorie:
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| 36 | Pharmaceutical Microbiology | WBFA025-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In deze cursus komen de volgende onderwerpen aan bod: a) Theorie: de prokaryote cel: de bouw en functie van celbestanddelen, verschillen met de eukaryote cel; groei en voedingseisen van micro-organismen: groeikinetiek, nutriënten en andere milieuparameters; energietransductie en metabolische diversiteit bij prokaryoten: glycolyse, de citroenzuurcyclus, elektronentransportketens, de protondrijvende kracht, gisting, anaerobe ademhaling, chemolithotrofie, de vorming van precursors voor biosynthese; taxonomische diversiteit bij micro-organismen: soort- en stambegrip, domeinen (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya); antibiotica: werkingsmechanisme, toepassingen, resistentie; sterilisatie en desinfectie: afstervingskinetiek, farmaceutische sterilisatiemethoden met hun toepassingen; klinische en farmaceutische microbiologie: de normale flora van het menselijk lichaam, interactie met pathogenen, de toxiciteit van toxinen, isolatie en identificatie van micro-organismen uit klinische monsters, biologische veiligheid, kwaliteitsbeheersing van farmaceutische preparaten, het gebruik van bacteriën voor analytische doeleinden; biofilms: het ontstaan van biofilms, pathogenen in biofilms, quorum sensing, antibioticatolerantie. b) Practicum: diverse technieken om contaminatievrij en onder VMT-condities te werken; fasecontrast-microscopie; sterilisatie d.m.v. UV-straling; isolatie van micro-organismen, kweken van bacteriecultures in batch, ophopingscultures, het uitstrijken op agarplaten; het bepalen van de groeisnelheid en verdubbelingstijd in een batch-cultuur; identificatie van bacteriën m.b.v. genetische technieken; antibiotica: cross-streak, gehaltebepaling, resistentieoverdracht d.m.v. conjugatie; onderzoek van de microbiologische zuiverheid van farmaceutische preparaten en grondstoffen volgens de farmacopee. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 37 | Pharmaceutical Techn. and Biopharm. 3 | WBFA059-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The content of the course consists of the following topics: Proteins (stabilization) Lipophilic drugs (strategies to improve bioavailability) Powder technology Inhalation Personalized medicine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 38 | Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy 1 | WBFA017-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The content of the course consists of the following topics: Pharmaceutical technological concepts and biopharmaceutics, routes of administration and dosage forms, principles of pharmacokinetics, tablets and tableting, modified-release dosage forms, therapeutic proteins, inhalation, vaccines, parenteral administration, industrial quality assurance, GMP and product care. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 39 | Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy 2 | WBFA026-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 40 | Pharmacoepidemiology | WBFA028-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In deze cursus komen de volgende onderwerpen aan bod:de plaats van de farmaco-epidemiologie binnen de farmacie; frequentie- en risicomaten; onderzoeksobjecten: etiologie, diagnostiek, prognostiek, interventie; spontanerapportagesystemen, bronnen, databases, record linkage; onderzoeksopzet: cohort, case-control, dwarsdoorsnede; typen van bias: informatiebias, selectiebias, confounding; causaliteit; precisie en validiteit; systematische fouten en toevalsfouten; farmaco-economie; systematische review en meta-analyse; het lezen en beoordelen van een farmaco-epidemiologisch artikel. De cursus wordt als pilot in het Engels gegeven. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 41 | Pharmacokinetics | WBFA018-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| This course covers the following topics Theoretical: - the basic mechanisms and physiological background of pharmacokinetic processes: absorption, distribution, elimination, renal and hepatic elimination; - the plasma concentration-time curve and renal excretion of drugs after intravenous injection, constant-rate infusion, extravascular administration and multiple-dose intravenous administration; - the calculation of the pharmacokinetic parameters from the plasma concentration-time curve and renal excretion of drugs; - the calculation of dosage for single and multiple-dose administration of drugs; - the relation between pharmacokinetic processes and parameters; - the effect of changes in physiological and pathological processes on the pharmacokinetic parameters, the plasma concentration-time curve and the correct dosage of drugs; - Pharmacokinetic case studies of the general and hospital pharmacy practice Practicals: - Absorption: paracetamol in humans; - Infusion kinetics: glassman patient: - Distribution and elimination: drug targeting | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 42 | Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases and Ageing | WBFA048-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course includes introduction to hallmarks of aging and the contribution of physiology and pharmacology to aging related diseases. It covers basic knowledge of various physiological, immunological and pharmacological concepts and principles. The following are among the topics that will be addressed during the PCDA lectures: -Chronic diseases of aging, scientific research understanding, critiquing of research, presentation and interpretation of research questions and data, communication, integrative physiology, pharmacological principles, receptors, molecular signalling pathways, the central and peripheral nervous systems, brain functions, the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and an understanding of the immune system and its contribution to age-related diseases. Importantly pharmacological treatment will be discussed. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 43 | Pharmacology Practical | WBFA019-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kennismaking met farmacologische methoden en technieken tot vaststelling van de werking van geneesmiddelen in het lichaam. Getracht wordt, d.m.v. door de studenten zelf geïnitieerde onderzoeksprotocollen, het werkingsprofiel van 3 onbekende farmaca te achterhalen aan de hand van farmacologische referentiestoffen en gebruikmakend van verschillende farmacologische opstellingen. Onbekende geneesmiddelen worden in vergelijking met bekende agonisten en antagonisten functioneel op receptorniveau gekarakteriseerd d.m.v. contractie-experimenten aan geïsoleerde gladdespier- (ileum, trachea, aorta, vas deferens) en hartspier (atrium)-preparaten, meting van intracellulaire Ca2+ concentraties en activatie van signaal transductie-eiwitten in gekweekte gladde spier- en epitheelcellen, en interactieve computer simulaties van effecten op bloeddruk en hartritme, gedrag en skeletspierfunctie. Aan het eind van het practicum worden de verkregen resultaten in samenhang gepresenteerd en wordt de opheldering van de onbekende stoffen bediscussieerd. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 44 | Physiology and Pharmacology | WBFA020-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In the course Physiology and Pharmacology the following topics are discussed: - Introduction to physiology and pharmacology - Basic knowledge of a range of physiological, and pharmacological terms and principles (agonist, antagonist etc) - Communication and homeostasis, integrative physiology, pharmacological principles, receptors and the central and peripheral nervous systems, brain function, the cardiovascular system, endocrinology, respiration, physiology of energy regulation, Diabetes, glucose and insulin. This course unit dovetails with the learning outcomes A1, A2, A3, A4, A9 and A12 of the Bachelor’s degree programme in Pharmacy. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 45 | Proteins for Biopharmaceuticals & Drug Discovery | WBFA044-10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The course is an elective in the cluster in the 3rd year of the BSc Pharmacy Programme. It focuses on biopharmaceuticals as well as drug design. The course consists of several parts: 1. Lectures on the topics of biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals, protein engineering, small molecule drug design, analytical techniques for (bio)pharmaceuticals as well as metabolism of therapeutic proteins. 2. A computer practical on molecular docking 3. A practical course on plate reader protein assays 4. A case study at a biotechnology company. An obligatory part of the course is an excursion week in which 2-3 Dutch biotechnology companies in the Pharma sector will be visited. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 46 | Receptor Pharmacology | WBFA036-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earlier on in year 1, the student has become acquainted with the most important principles in physiology, including defense mechanisms and immunology, and is able to understand and explain these principles in the therapeutic approach to pathologies using pharmacological interventions. In the receptor pharmacology course, more attention will be given to the underlying mechanisms that play a role in physiology and pathophysiology. It concerns a deepening of the therapeutic approach to diseases by pharmaceutical companies. The following topics are covered in this course: 1. General pharmacology including central definitions in pharmacology: agonism, antagonism, inverse agonism, receptor reserve, receptor regulation (desensitization); signal transduction mechanisms: G protein-coupled receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, kinase-linked receptors, nuclear receptors, crosstalk between signal transduction mechanisms; 2. Immunopharmacology including histamine and autacoids and their receptors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) and corticosteroids. 3. The basic principles of neurotransmission: pre- and post-synaptic receptors, co-transmission; local anesthetics. 4. The cholinergic and adrenergic system and their role in (para)sympathetic regulation and skeletal muscle physiology. 5. An introduction into neuropharmacology, including dopaminergic and serotonergic receptor systems. This course is in line with the learning outcomes xxxxx of the Bachelor's degree in Pharmacy (TER Appendix I). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 47 | Safe Microbiological Techniques | BIVMT | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zie voor meer informatie de cursus Pharmaceutical Microbiology. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 48 | The Cell, a Practical Approach | WBFA010-03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Two, or by exception three, students will form a team to perform experiments in the areas of cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry and genetics. Some techniques are: bacterial production of a biopharmaceutical; protein purification; testing of biopharmaceutical on cancer cells; measuring the enzymatic activity of a beta-lactamase; SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; restriction analysis of DNA/plasmids; transfection of eukaryotic cells; isolation of buccal epithelial cells; PCR; microscopy. To perform these experiments, the students will use an inquiry based lab education software (https://www.labbuddy.net/) under guidance of assistants. During the practical, each student will keep track of his/her work in a lab notebook. This notebook can and will be controlled by an assistant. After the first practical week, each student will hand in a concept of a report on the performed experiments. The assistants will give comments and advice, but not grade this version. The final report, incorporating these comments, will be graded on: completeness; clarity; critical and logical analysis of data; formulation and conclusions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 49 | Thermodynamica | WBFA021-05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| - Gassen: ideale gaswet, beschrijving reële gassen, toestandsgrootheden, toestandsfuncties. - Eerste hoofdwet: arbeid, warmte, interne energie, enthalpie, isotherme en adiabatische veranderingen van interne energie en enthalpie, thermochemie. - Tweede hoofdwet: entropie, spontane processen, Gibbs energie en chemische potentiaal. - Fasenleer: fasenovergangen. - Mengsels: chemische potentiaal vloeistoffen en colligatieve eigenschappen. - Chemisch evenwicht: reactie-evenwicht, partitiecoëfficient, oplosbaarheid. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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