In some cases the University of Groningen and its partner(s) have strong reasons to intensify their collaboration, in which case they create a so-called strategic alliance. A strategic alliance serves to fully integrate the exchange of expertise, students and staff into the educational and research programmes across all disciplines. By sharing tools and resources in integrated joint programmes, each university puts forward its areas of expertise, which results in balanced high-quality study and research paths. Other areas of cooperation include joint (PhD) research, Erasmus Mundus degree programmes, symposia and joint projects. The permanence of the association serves to strengthen the reputation of both universities.